A semi-automated Raman micro-spectroscopy method for morphological and chemical characterizations of microplastic litter

Mar Pollut Bull. 2016 Dec 15;113(1-2):461-468. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.10.051. Epub 2016 Nov 9.

Abstract

Every step of microplastic analysis (collection, extraction and characterization) is time-consuming, representing an obstacle to the implementation of large scale monitoring. This study proposes a semi-automated Raman micro-spectroscopy method coupled to static image analysis that allows the screening of a large quantity of microplastic in a time-effective way with minimal machine operator intervention. The method was validated using 103 particles collected at the sea surface spiked with 7 standard plastics: morphological and chemical characterization of particles was performed in <3h. The method was then applied to a larger environmental sample (n=962 particles). The identification rate was 75% and significantly decreased as a function of particle size. Microplastics represented 71% of the identified particles and significant size differences were observed: polystyrene was mainly found in the 2-5mm range (59%), polyethylene in the 1-2mm range (40%) and polypropylene in the 0.335-1mm range (42%).

Keywords: Automating; Environmental monitoring; Microplastics; Morphology; Raman micro-spectroscopy; Surface seawater.

MeSH terms

  • Environmental Monitoring* / instrumentation
  • Environmental Monitoring* / methods
  • France
  • Particle Size
  • Plastics / analysis*
  • Plastics / chemistry
  • Polyethylene / analysis
  • Polyethylene / chemistry
  • Polypropylenes / analysis
  • Polypropylenes / chemistry
  • Seawater / chemistry
  • Spectrum Analysis, Raman*
  • Surface Properties
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / analysis*
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical / chemistry

Substances

  • Plastics
  • Polypropylenes
  • Water Pollutants, Chemical
  • Polyethylene