Germline-encoded neutralization of a Staphylococcus aureus virulence factor by the human antibody repertoire

Nat Commun. 2016 Nov 18:7:13376. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13376.

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is both an important pathogen and a human commensal. To explore this ambivalent relationship between host and microbe, we analysed the memory humoral response against IsdB, a protein involved in iron acquisition, in four healthy donors. Here we show that in all donors a heavily biased use of two immunoglobulin heavy chain germlines generated high affinity (pM) antibodies that neutralize the two IsdB NEAT domains, IGHV4-39 for NEAT1 and IGHV1-69 for NEAT2. In contrast to the typical antibody/antigen interactions, the binding is primarily driven by the germline-encoded hydrophobic CDRH-2 motifs of IGHV1-69 and IGHV4-39, with a binding mechanism nearly identical for each antibody derived from different donors. Our results suggest that IGHV1-69 and IGHV4-39, while part of the adaptive immune system, may have evolved under selection pressure to encode a binding motif innately capable of recognizing and neutralizing a structurally conserved protein domain involved in pathogen iron acquisition.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Bacterial / immunology*
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • B-Lymphocytes
  • Bacterial Proteins / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Memory
  • Models, Molecular
  • Protein Conformation
  • Protein Domains
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • Staphylococcal Infections / immunology
  • Staphylococcal Infections / microbiology*
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Virulence Factors / immunology*

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bacterial
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • MALAT1 long non-coding RNA, human
  • NEAT1 long non-coding RNA, human
  • RNA, Long Noncoding
  • Virulence Factors