We address design of the interferometric spectral discrimination (ISD) filters for a specific three-wavelength high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) in this paper. Taking into account the strong dependence of the transmittance of the ISD filters on the incident angle of light ray, the optical path of the receiving channel with an ISD filter in HSRL is analyzed. We derive the lidar equation with the angular distribution of backscatter signal, through which Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are then carried out to obtain the optimal parameters of the ISD filters for the HSRL at 1064 nm, 532 nm and 355 nm, respectively. Comparing the retrieval errors of the MC simulations based on different ISD filters, the configuration and parameters of the best ISD filter at each wavelength are determined. This paper can be employed as a theoretical guidance during the design of a three-wavelength HSRL with ISD filters.