The contemporary value of peak creatine kinase-MB after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction above other clinical and angiographic characteristics in predicting infarct size, left ventricular ejection fraction, and mortality

Clin Cardiol. 2017 May;40(5):322-328. doi: 10.1002/clc.22663. Epub 2016 Dec 27.

Abstract

Background: Complex multimarker approaches to predict outcome after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) have only considered a single baseline sample, while neglecting easily obtainable peak creatine kinase and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) values during hospitalization.

Methods: We studied 476 patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for STEMI and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) at 4-6 months after STEMI. We determined the association with cardiac biomarkers (peak CK-MB, peak troponin T, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide), clinical and angiographic characteristics with infarct size, and LVEF, followed by association with mortality in 1120 STEMI patients.

Results: Peak CK-MB was the strongest predictor for infarct size (P<0.001, R 2 =0.60) and LVEF (P<0.001, R 2 =0.40). The additional value of clinical and angiographic characteristics was limited. The optimal peak CK-MB cutpoints, for differentiation among small (<10% of the left ventricle), moderate (≥10%-<30%), and large infarct size (≥30%), were 210 U/L and 380 U/L, respectively. These cutpoints were associated with 90-day mortality; the hazard ratio for moderate infarct was 2.99 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.51-5.93, P=0.002) and for large infarct 6.53 (95% CI: 3.63-11.76, P<0.001).

Conclusions: Classical peak CK-MB measured during hospitalization for STEMI was superior to other clinical and angiographic characteristics in predicting CMRI-defined infarct size and LVEF, and should be included and validated in future multimarker studies. Peak CK-MB cutpoints differentiated among infarct size categories and were associated with increased 90-day mortality risk.

Keywords: Imaging; Ischemic heart disease; LVEF; creatine kinase MB; magnetic resonance imaging; mortality; myocardial infarction.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cause of Death
  • Coronary Angiography*
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form / blood*
  • Female
  • Hospitalization
  • Humans
  • Linear Models
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / mortality
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / diagnosis*
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / mortality
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction / therapy
  • Stroke Volume*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Up-Regulation
  • Ventricular Function, Left*

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form