Postpartum screening practices, progression to abnormal glucose tolerance and its related risk factors in Asian women with a known history of gestational diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2017 Dec:11 Suppl 2:S703-S712. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2017.05.002. Epub 2017 May 24.

Abstract

Aims: Rate of postpartum screening and progression to glucose intolerance (diabetes and/or pre-diabetes) in Asian women with prior GDM and risk factors of diversion to abnormal glucose tolerance were reviewed.

Materials and methods: We searched Pub Med, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Ovid data base. About 1300 studies were screened and 27 articles were selected. Meta-analysis using Comprehensive Meta -Analysis software was conducted. All results were reported at the pooled ORs and 95% CI. Quantitative heterogeneity (I2) was assessed. To estimate the variances between studies, the statistical method "tau-squared" was applied. Statistical models like fixed effect or Mantel-Haenszel, and random effect (REM) or Dersimonian-laird were used for the analysis and integration of results.

Results: Rate of glucose testing ranged from 13.1% to 81.9%. Prevalence of pre-diabetes was 3.9%-50.9%. Diabetes was reported in 2.8%-58% of women with history of gestational diabetes based on length of follow-up. Factor associated with postpartum diabetes mellitus included family History of diabetes mellitus, gestational age at diagnosis of GDM, insulin use during pregnancy and pre-pregnancy BMI.

Conclusions: Rate of postpartum screening in most of the Asian countries population is sub-optimal, in spite of high rate of glucose intolerance in this high risk group of women. Risk factors of progression to pre-diabetes and diabetes are similar to previous reported in developed countries.

Keywords: Asia; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Postpartum.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Asia / epidemiology
  • Blood Glucose / analysis*
  • Diabetes, Gestational / physiopathology*
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Glucose Intolerance / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Mass Screening / methods*
  • Postpartum Period*
  • Pregnancy
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose