A novel antimicrobial therapy for the control of Aeromonas hydrophila infection in aquaculture using marine polysaccharide coated gold nanoparticle

Microb Pathog. 2017 Sep:110:140-151. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.06.029. Epub 2017 Jun 23.

Abstract

In the present study, we prepared fucoidan coated Au-NPs (Fu-AuNPs), and examined its antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila. The green synthesized Fu-AuNPs were bio-physically characterized by Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Higher Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Zeta potential analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Fu-AuNPs were crystalline in nature, spherical to triangular in shape, with particle size ranging within 10-100 nm. The synthesized Fu-AuNPs at 100 μg mL-1 showed inhibition zone against A. hydrophila (23.2 mm) which is much higher than that of commercial antibiotic chloramphenicol (17.3 mm). The biofilm inhibitory activity of Fu-AuNPs against Gram negative (Aeromonas hydrophila) was higher. Light and confocal laser scanning microscopic observations showed that the Fu-AuNPs at 100 μg mL-1 inhibited the biofilm of A. hydrophila. The cytotoxicity study indicated that Fu-AuNPs were effective in inhibiting the viability of human cervical cancer cells (HeLa) at 100 μg mL-1. In another experiment, the antibacterial effect of Fu-AuNPs on tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus were evaluated in vivo. The mortality rate of O. mossambicus infected by A. hydrophila was much higher (90%), whereas, the mortality of O. mossambicus that received Fu-AuNPs followed by challenge with A. hydrophia was reduced to 30%. This study concludes that Fu-AUNPs are effective in the control of A. hydrophila infections in O. mossambicus.

Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila; Antibiofilm; Anticancer; Fucoidan; Goldnanoparticles; TEM.

MeSH terms

  • Aeromonas hydrophila / drug effects*
  • Animals
  • Anti-Infective Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Infective Agents / chemistry*
  • Anti-Infective Agents / pharmacology*
  • Anti-Infective Agents / therapeutic use
  • Aquaculture
  • Aziridines / pharmacology
  • Biofilms / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Chloramphenicol / pharmacology
  • Cyclohexenes / pharmacology
  • Fish Diseases / drug therapy
  • Fish Diseases / microbiology
  • Gold / chemistry*
  • Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / drug therapy*
  • Green Chemistry Technology
  • HeLa Cells / drug effects
  • Humans
  • India
  • Metal Nanoparticles / administration & dosage
  • Metal Nanoparticles / chemistry*
  • Metal Nanoparticles / ultrastructure
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Microscopy, Confocal / methods
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / methods
  • Mortality
  • Particle Size
  • Plant Extracts / chemistry
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
  • Polysaccharides / chemistry
  • Polysaccharides / pharmacology*
  • Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / methods
  • Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / methods
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / methods
  • Tilapia / microbiology
  • X-Ray Diffraction / methods

Substances

  • 2,5-diaziridinyl-3-hydroxymethyl-6-methyl-cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione
  • Anti-Infective Agents
  • Aziridines
  • Cyclohexenes
  • Plant Extracts
  • Polysaccharides
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Gold
  • fucoidan