Left atrial pressure and predictors of survival after percutaneous mitral paravalvular leak closure

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Nov 1;90(5):861-869. doi: 10.1002/ccd.27179. Epub 2017 Jul 14.

Abstract

Background: Data on the clinical utility of left atrial (LA) hemodynamic monitoring during percutaneous mitral interventions are limited.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between intraprocedural LA pressures during percutaneous mitral paravalvular leak (PVL) closure and long term survival.

Methods: Patients who underwent mitral PVL repair with invasive LA pressure monitoring were divided at baseline to three tertiles based on their mean final LA pressure (<25%; 25-30%; >30% of mean systolic blood pressure). Primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results: 134 patients (mean age 68 ± 12 years) were studied. Over 3 year mean follow-up, 81 (38%) patients died. The cumulative probability of death at 3 years was significantly higher among patients in the highest LA pressure tertile (56 ± 8% vs. 28 ± 5%, log rank P < 0.001). More than mild residual mitral regurgitation (MR) by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) was associated with a 2.5-fold increased risk of death and patients in the highest LA pressure tertile had 2.2-fold higher mortality (P < 0.001 and = 0.003 respectively). After adjustment for residual MR by TEE, each 10% acute procedural reduction in LA pressures was associated with a significant 9% reduced risk of death (P = 0.023). Multivariate Cox regression with adjustment for multiple predictors of death showed that patients in lower LA pressure tertiles had 59% lower mortality (P = 0.003).

Conclusion: Lower LA pressure following mitral PVL closure is an independent predictor of improved survival, even after adjustment for residual MR. LA pressure monitoring may be a useful tool for procedural guidance during mitral PVL closure.

Keywords: invasive hemodynamics; left atrial pressure; mitral valve; paravalvular leak; structural intervention.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Atrial Function, Left*
  • Atrial Pressure*
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / mortality
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  • Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Female
  • Heart Failure / etiology
  • Heart Failure / physiopathology
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / mortality
  • Hemolysis
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / mortality
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / therapy*
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Recovery of Function
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome