Catecholamine-Dependent β-Adrenergic Signaling in a Pluripotent Stem Cell Model of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

J Am Coll Cardiol. 2017 Aug 22;70(8):975-991. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.061.

Abstract

Background: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is characterized by an acute left ventricular dysfunction and is associated with life-threating complications in the acute phase. The underlying disease mechanism in TTS is still unknown. A genetic basis has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to establish an in vitro induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of TTS, to test the hypothesis of altered β-adrenergic signaling in TTS iPSC-cardiomyocytes (CMs), and to explore whether genetic susceptibility underlies the pathophysiology of TTS.

Methods: Somatic cells of patients with TTS and control subjects were reprogrammed to iPSCs and differentiated into CMs. Three-month-old CMs were subjected to catecholamine stimulation to simulate neurohumoral overstimulation. We investigated β-adrenergic signaling and TTS cardiomyocyte function.

Results: Enhanced β-adrenergic signaling in TTS-iPSC-CMs under catecholamine-induced stress increased expression of the cardiac stress marker NR4A1; cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels; and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase A-mediated hyperphosphorylation of RYR2-S2808, PLN-S16, TNI-S23/24, and Cav1.2-S1928, and leads to a reduced calcium time to transient 50% decay. These cellular catecholamine-dependent responses were mainly mediated by β1-adrenoceptor signaling in TTS. Engineered heart muscles from TTS-iPSC-CMs showed an impaired force of contraction and a higher sensitivity to isoprenaline-stimulated inotropy compared with control subjects. In addition, altered electrical activity and increased lipid accumulation were detected in catecholamine-treated TTS-iPSC-CMs, and were confirmed by differentially expressed lipid transporters CD36 and CPT1C. Furthermore, we uncovered genetic variants in different key regulators of cardiac function.

Conclusions: Enhanced β-adrenergic signaling and higher sensitivity to catecholamine-induced toxicity were identified as mechanisms associated with the TTS phenotype. (International Takotsubo Registry [InterTAK Registry] [InterTAK]; NCT01947621).

Keywords: TTS pathogenesis; broken heart syndrome; catecholamine; electrical activity; iPSC cardiomyocytes; lipotoxicity.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Catecholamines / pharmacology*
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / pathology
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / pathology
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / metabolism*
  • Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy / pathology

Substances

  • Catecholamines
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, beta

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01947621