Association of clinical trial enrollment and survival using contemporary therapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2018 Feb;65(2):10.1002/pbc.26788. doi: 10.1002/pbc.26788. Epub 2017 Sep 6.

Abstract

While early studies reported superior survival for cancer patients enrolled on clinical trials, recent findings are inconclusive. We investigated the association between enrollment on contemporary trials and event-free survival (EFS) in pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). In a retrospective cohort of 274 children (1-21 years) treated for B-ALL from 2008 to 2015, 55.5% enrolled with no disparity in enrollment by age, sex, or ethnicity. Three-year EFS was similar for enrolled and not enrolled patients (90.1% [95% CI, 82.5-94.5] versus 86.5% [95% CI, 77.7-92.0]). Clinical trial enrollment did not affect pediatric B-ALL survival, albeit in a limited-size cohort treated at a single academic institution.

Keywords: clinical trial enrollment; clinical trial participation; disparities; pediatric B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia; survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / mortality*
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate