Adhesive internal hernia: multidetector CT findings and clinical relevance

Abstract

Aim: To review the clinical and multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) features of adhesive internal hernias (IHs) and to ascertain specific MDCT criteria to assist in the diagnosis of adhesive IHs and the early detection of intestinal strangulation.

Materials and methods: Medical records and preoperative abdominal MDCT findings of 34 patients with surgically confirmed abdominal adhesive IHs were analysed retrospectively.

Results: The specific MDCT features of adhesive IHs included the following: dislocating and clustering of intestinal segments (100%); stretching and crowding of the mesenteric vessels (100%); presence of hernial orifice (88.2%), peritoneal adhesive bands (76.5%); and the fat notch sign (85.3%). In addition, the significant MDCT features indicative of intestinal strangulation compared with those without intestinal strangulation were bowel wall thickening (p=0.009), intramural haemorrhage (p=0.007), and abnormal bowel wall enhancement (p=0.023). Furthermore, bowel obstruction occurred in 17 (50%) patients, and mesenteric whirl was apparent in 8 (23.5%) patients.

Conclusion: This article illustrates the specific MDCT criteria of adhesive IHs. Knowledge of MDCT findings in adhesive IHs and their complications is essential for making the correct diagnosis and may help guide early clinical management.