Dual energy computed tomography for the head

Jpn J Radiol. 2018 Feb;36(2):69-80. doi: 10.1007/s11604-017-0701-4. Epub 2017 Nov 9.

Abstract

Dual energy CT (DECT) is a promising technology that provides better diagnostic accuracy in several brain diseases. DECT can generate various types of CT images from a single acquisition data set at high kV and low kV based on material decomposition algorithms. The two-material decomposition algorithm can separate bone/calcification from iodine accurately. The three-material decomposition algorithm can generate a virtual non-contrast image, which helps to identify conditions such as brain hemorrhage. A virtual monochromatic image has the potential to eliminate metal artifacts by reducing beam-hardening effects. DECT also enables exploration of advanced imaging to make diagnosis easier. One such novel application of DECT is the X-Map, which helps to visualize ischemic stroke in the brain without using iodine contrast medium.

Keywords: Bone removal; Brain hemorrhage; Dual energy CT; Dual source CT; Head; Monoenergetic image; X-Map.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Algorithms
  • Brain / diagnostic imaging*
  • Brain Diseases / diagnostic imaging*
  • Contrast Media
  • Humans
  • Radiography, Dual-Energy Scanned Projection / methods
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed / methods*

Substances

  • Contrast Media