Smoking is not associated with higher prevalence of JC virus in MS patients

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018 May;37(5):907-910. doi: 10.1007/s10096-018-3204-z. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

Abstract

John Cunningham virus (JCV) causes rare, but potentially life-threatening progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Beside JCV index, there is currently no other factor for further risk stratification. Because smoking was reported as potential risk factor for several viral and bacterial infections, we aimed to investigate whether smoking could increase the risk for JCV infection in MS patients. We screened our database of the MS Clinic of the Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria, for patients with known smoking status and test result for anti-JCV antibody index as determined by two-step ELISA at Unilabs, Copenhagen, Denmark. In a representative cohort of 200 MS patients with a rate of 36% current smokers plus 6% former smokers, we were not able to detect any association between smoking and JCV status. Furthermore, there was no association between smoking status and anti-JCV antibody index. Smoking does not seem to be a risk factor for JCV infection in MS patients and, therefore, does not represent a suitable marker for PML-risk stratification under treatment with natalizumab.

Keywords: JCV; Multiple sclerosis; Natalizumab; Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; Smoking.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Austria / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunologic Factors / adverse effects
  • Immunologic Factors / therapeutic use
  • JC Virus*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / complications*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / epidemiology*
  • Leukoencephalopathy, Progressive Multifocal / virology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multiple Sclerosis / complications*
  • Multiple Sclerosis / drug therapy
  • Multiple Sclerosis / epidemiology*
  • Natalizumab / adverse effects
  • Natalizumab / therapeutic use
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Smoking* / adverse effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immunologic Factors
  • Natalizumab