1 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Yale/YNHH Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation (CORE), New Haven, CT, USA; Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF), New York, NY, USA. Electronic address: bb2813@cumc.columbia.edu.
2 Respiratory Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal and Medicine Department, Universidad de Alcalá (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain.
3 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA; Cardiovascular Research Foundation (CRF), New York, NY, USA.
4 Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
5 Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada; Division of Hematology & Thromboembolism, Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
6 Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain.
7 Yale/YNHH Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation (CORE), New Haven, CT, USA; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Health Policy and Management, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.