Representation control increases task efficiency in complex graphical representations

PLoS One. 2018 Apr 26;13(4):e0196420. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196420. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

In complex graphical representations, the relevant information for a specific task is often distributed across multiple spatial locations. In such situations, understanding the representation requires internal transformation processes in order to extract the relevant information. However, digital technology enables observers to alter the spatial arrangement of depicted information and therefore to offload the transformation processes. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of such a representation control (i.e. the users' option to decide how information should be displayed) in order to accomplish an information extraction task in terms of solution time and accuracy. In the representation control condition, the participants were allowed to reorganize the graphical representation and reduce information density. In the control condition, no interactive features were offered. We observed that participants in the representation control condition solved tasks that required reorganization of the maps faster and more accurate than participants without representation control. The present findings demonstrate how processes of cognitive offloading, spatial contiguity, and information coherence interact in knowledge media intended for broad and diverse groups of recipients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Computer Graphics
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Reaction Time
  • Task Performance and Analysis*
  • User-Computer Interface
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

The study was funded by the Leibniz Association (Leibniz Competition, Projects: 'Digital Atlas of Geopolitical Imaginaries of Eastern Central Europe – Geoimaginaries' and 'Democratization of expert knowledge: map production and map use in new media landscapes'). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.