Obesity surgery makes patients healthier and more functional: real world results from the United Kingdom National Bariatric Surgery Registry

Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Jul;14(7):1033-1040. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.02.012. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Abstract

Background: The National Bariatric Surgery Registry (NBSR) is the largest bespoke database in the field in the United Kingdom.

Objectives: Our aim was to analyze the NBSR to determine whether the effects of obesity surgery on associated co-morbidities observed in small randomized controlled clinical trials could be replicated in a "real life" setting within U.K. healthcare.

Setting: United Kingdom.

Methods: All NBSR entries for operations between 2000 and 2015 with associated demographic and co-morbidity data were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: A total of 50,782 entries were analyzed. The patients were predominantly female (78%) and white European with a mean age of 45 ± 11 years and a mean body mass index of 48 ± 8 kg/m2. Over 5 years of follow-up, statistically significant reductions in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea, asthma, functional impairment, arthritis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were observed. The "remission" of these co-morbidities was evident 1 year postoperatively and reached a plateau 2 to 5 years after surgery. Obesity surgery was particularly effective on functional impairment and diabetes, almost doubling the proportion of patients able to climb 3 flights of stairs and halving the proportion of patients with diabetes related hyperglycemia compared with preoperatively. Surgery was safe with a morbidity of 3.1% and in-hospital mortality of .07% and a reduced median inpatient stay of 2 days, despite an increasingly sick patient population.

Conclusions: Obesity surgery in the U.K. results not only in weight loss, but also in substantial improvements in obesity-related co-morbidities. Appropriate support and funding will help improve the quality of the NBSR data set even further, thus enabling its use to inform healthcare policy.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Diabetes; Functional status; Metabolic surgery; Obesity; Surgical registry.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Bariatric Surgery / methods
  • Bariatric Surgery / statistics & numerical data*
  • Comorbidity / trends
  • Health Status
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity, Morbid / diagnosis
  • Obesity, Morbid / epidemiology
  • Obesity, Morbid / surgery*
  • Physical Fitness / physiology*
  • Quality of Life*
  • Registries*
  • Risk Assessment
  • United Kingdom
  • Weight Loss / physiology*
  • Young Adult