Open surgery for aneurysms of the splenic artery at the hilum of the spleen: Report of three cases

Abstract

Introduction: Aneurysms of the splenic artery (SAA) located at the hilum of the spleen are not well fit for endovascular or laparoscopic treatment. Open surgery may still be the best option of treatment.

Presentation of cases: We report the cases of 3 female patients of a mean age of 59 years (range, 45-68 years) with a hilar (n = 2) or parahilar (n = 1) SAA undergoing successful open surgical resection, through a short left subcostal access. Recovery was uneventful and mean, postoperative length of stay was 4 days (range, 3-5 days).

Discussion: Results of this report support surgical resection and splenectomy for the treatment of SAA located at the hilum of the spleen. For this particular location endovascular treatment may not be advised, as coil embolization can be followed by a massive splenic infarction precipitating the need for splenectomy, due to the exclusion of backflow from the left gastroepiploic artery through the short gastric vessels. As well, endovascular exclusion through insertion of an endograft may not be feasible due to the absence of a distal landing zone, as stent grafting requires a normal caliber artery of sufficient length on each side of the aneurysm.

Conclusion: Surgical excision and splenectomy, through a short subcostal incision, remains a viable option of treatment for hilar SAA.

Keywords: Aneurysm; Case report; Splenic artery; Surgical treatment.