Outcomes of preinjury anticoagulation in patients with traumatic rib fractures

Abstract

Background: Anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents (ACAP) have been shown to negatively affect trauma patients.

Methods: Outcomes in adults with rib fractures were reviewed. Pearson chi-square test was used for analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders.

Results: Of the 1448 included patients, 149 (10.3%) took preinjury ACAP; these patients were significantly older than non-anticoagulated patients (72 vs. 54 years, P ≤ 0.05). There was no difference in pulmonary complications, ICU admissions or ICU LOS. The preinjury ACAP group had a significantly longer LOS (12.03 vs. 9.33 days, P = 0.004), fewer pulmonary contusions (15.43% vs. 22.94%, P = 0.037), and fewer thoracic drainage procedures (10.74% vs. 18.17%, P = 0.023). Multivariate adjustment for possible confounders revealed that patients taking warfarin had a significantly longer LOS (+7.38 days). After adjustment there was no difference in mortality.

Conclusion: Preinjury ACAP use does not increase mortality or morbidity in patients with rib fractures.

Summary: We demonstrated that preinjury anticoagulation and antiplatelet agents do not increase mortality or morbidity in patients with rib fractures. However, they lead to a longer hospital length of stay, particularly in patients on warfarin.