Polyurethane elastomer composites reinforced with waste natural cellulosic fibers from office paper in thermal properties

Abstract

Polyurethane elastomer (PUE) composites were synthesized with a low additive content of waste natural cellulosic fibers from office paper. A new technology combining prepolymer method with physical blending and modification was adopted. The results showed that cellulosic fibers were covalently bonded to polyurethane molecular chains and served as a cross-linking agent making the degree of phase separation decrease. Even so, the lowest additive content of cellulosic fibers (1 wt%) in this work could make polyurethane still hold a certain degree of phase separation. Besides, thermal stability of polyurethane was improved from 288 to around 300 °C even at the low cellulosic fibers content. PUE with 3% cellulosic fibers had the better interfacial compatibility between cellulosic fibers and polyurethane causing the greater thermal reinforcement. PUE with 4% and 5% cellulosic fibers had the worse interfacial compatibility generating the better damping capacity indicating that cellulosic fibers could improve damping performance of polyurethane, especially polyurethane with 5 wt% fibers. It meant that cellulosic fibers had a potential application in damping materials.

Keywords: Composites; Cross-linking; Interfacial compatibility; Polyurethane elastomer; Thermal reinforcement; Waste natural cellulosic fiber.