Assessment of the NSQIP Surgical Risk Calculator in Predicting Microvascular Head and Neck Reconstruction Outcomes

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Jan;160(1):100-106. doi: 10.1177/0194599818789132. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the accuracy of the Surgical Risk Calculator (SRC) of the ACS NSQIP (American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program) in predicting head and neck microvascular reconstruction outcomes.

Study design: Retrospective analysis.

Setting: Tertiary medical center.

Subjects and methods: A total of 561 free flaps were included in the analysis. The SRC-predicted 30-day rates of postoperative complications, hospital length of stay (LOS), and rehabilitation discharge were compared with the actual rates and events. The SRC's predictive value was examined with Brier scores and receiver operating characteristic area under the curve.

Results: A total of 425 myocutaneous, 134 osseous (84 fibula, 47 scapula, and 3 iliac crest), and 2 omental free flaps were included in this study. All perioperative complications evaluated had area under the curve values ≤0.75, ranging from 0.480 to 0.728. All but 2 postoperative complications had Brier scores >0.01. SRC-predicted LOS was 9.4 ± 2.38 days (mean ± SD), which did not strongly correlate with the actual LOS of 11.98 ± 9.30 days ( r = 0.174, P < .0001).

Conclusion: The SRC is a poor predictor for surgical outcome among patients undergoing microvascular head and neck reconstruction.

Keywords: NSQIP; free flap; free tissue transfer; surgical risk calculator.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Academic Medical Centers
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Area Under Curve
  • Bone Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Bone Transplantation / methods
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Free Tissue Flaps / blood supply*
  • Free Tissue Flaps / transplantation
  • Graft Rejection
  • Graft Survival
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / mortality
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / pathology
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Length of Stay
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / methods
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Prognosis
  • Quality Improvement*
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States
  • Wound Healing / physiology