Abstract
Seven anthraquinones including two new compounds namely capillasterquinones A and B (1 and 2) and one new butenolide namely capillasterolide (8) were isolated and structurally elucidated from the crinoid Capillaster multiradiatus. The inhibitory effect of compounds 1-8 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production as well as inhibition of 1 on expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) proteins in RAW264.7 cells were also evaluated. As the obtained results, capillasterquinone A (1) showed strong NO production inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 5.89±0.11 µM. In addition, compound 1 reduced the LPS-induced iNOS and COX-2 expressions in a dose-dependent manner.
Keywords:
Capillaster multiradiatus; anthraquinone; crinoid; cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2); inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); nitric oxide (NO) production.
MeSH terms
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4-Butyrolactone / analogs & derivatives*
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4-Butyrolactone / chemistry
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4-Butyrolactone / isolation & purification
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4-Butyrolactone / pharmacology
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Animals
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Anthraquinones / chemistry
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Anthraquinones / isolation & purification
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Anthraquinones / pharmacology*
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Cyclooxygenase 2 / metabolism
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Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
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Echinodermata / chemistry*
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Enzyme Inhibitors / chemistry
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Enzyme Inhibitors / isolation & purification
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Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology*
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Lipopolysaccharides / antagonists & inhibitors
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Mice
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Molecular Structure
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Nitric Oxide / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / antagonists & inhibitors
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
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RAW 264.7 Cells
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Structure-Activity Relationship
Substances
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Anthraquinones
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Enzyme Inhibitors
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Nitric Oxide
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butenolide
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Cyclooxygenase 2
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4-Butyrolactone