Modulation of Asymmetric Division Diversity through Cytokinin and SPEECHLESS Regulatory Interactions in the Arabidopsis Stomatal Lineage

Dev Cell. 2018 Oct 8;47(1):53-66.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.devcel.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Sep 6.

Abstract

Coordinated growth of organs requires communication among cells within and between tissues. In plants, leaf growth is largely dictated by the epidermis; here, asymmetric and self-renewing divisions of the stomatal lineage create two essential cell types-pavement cells and guard cells-in proportions reflecting inputs from local, systemic, and environmental cues. The transcription factor SPEECHLESS (SPCH) is the prime regulator of divisions, but whether and how it is influenced by external cues to provide flexible development is enigmatic. Here, we show that the phytohormone cytokinin (CK) can act as an endogenous signal to affect the extent and types of stomatal lineage divisions and forms a regulatory circuit with SPCH. Local domains of low CK signaling are created by SPCH-dependent cell-type-specific activity of two repressive type-A ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATORs (ARRs), ARR16 and ARR17, and two secreted peptides, CLE9 and CLE10, which, together with SPCH, can customize epidermal cell-type composition.

Keywords: Arabidopsis; SPEECHLESS; cytokinin signaling; growth regulation; meristemoid behavior; peptide signaling; stomatal development.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Arabidopsis / genetics
  • Arabidopsis / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / genetics
  • Arabidopsis Proteins / metabolism*
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / genetics
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Lineage
  • Cytokinins / genetics
  • Cytokinins / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / genetics
  • Plant Growth Regulators / metabolism
  • Plant Leaves / metabolism
  • Plant Stomata / genetics
  • Plant Stomata / growth & development*
  • Plant Stomata / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • Arabidopsis Proteins
  • Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors
  • Cytokinins
  • Plant Growth Regulators
  • SPEECHLESS protein, Arabidopsis
  • Transcription Factors