Evaluation of short food-frequency questionnaires to assess the dietary pattern associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases

J Med Vasc. 2018 Sep;43(5):283-287. doi: 10.1016/j.jdmv.2018.06.003. Epub 2018 Jul 6.

Abstract

Objectives: Cardiovascular diseases are strongly related to dietary habits. Diet can be assessed using dedicated questionnaires that can be self-completed by subjects but with the risk of errors.

Aim: To compare the completion error rate of two questionnaires designed to assess dietary pattern linked to cardiovascular diseases and to study the correlation between the two questionnaires.

Materials and methods: Two questionnaires were used to assess dietary patterns of students: the 14-item Food-Frequency-Questionnaire (FFQ) that was validated against biomarkers, and the Cardiovascular-Dietary-Questionnaire 2 (CDQ2), which is a 19-item-FFQ derived from the previous 14-item FFQ. Both questionnaires assessed the intake of various food groups associated with either favourable or unfavourable effects on cardiovascular risk. A global dietary score was calculated for each questionnaire.

Results: FFQ and CDQ2 were completed by 150 sport degree students. In the case of FFQ, 111 questionnaires out of 150 (74.0%) were incomplete compared to only 1 CDQ2 out of 150 (0.7%) (P<0.001). The correlation coefficient between the overall CDQ2 score and the FFQ dietary score was 0.53 (P<0.01).

Conclusion: The self-completion of CDQ2 compared to FFQ was associated with far less errors. There was a significant correlation between CDQ2 and FFQ. Preference should be given to CDQ2 in clinical practice and in studies where dietary pattern are evaluated without any interviewer.

Keywords: Alimentation; Atherosclerosis; Athérosclérose; Cardiovascular disease; Diet; Maladies cardiovasculaires.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Evaluation Study

MeSH terms

  • Atherosclerosis / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diet Surveys / statistics & numerical data*
  • Feeding Behavior*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Research Design
  • Self Report
  • Young Adult