Interim Functional Imaging Is an Independent Predictor of Progression-free Survival in Advanced Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma - A Real-world Analysis

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019 Jan;19(1):e71-e79. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2018.08.013. Epub 2018 Aug 29.

Abstract

Background: Response-adapted therapy in advanced classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) using interim functional imaging (IFI) is under active investigation.

Patients and methods: We retrospectively examined patients with advanced cHL receiving 2 front-line regimens stratified by IFI results at our institution. Time to endpoint analysis was estimated using the method of Kaplan-Meier with log ranks. Cox regression modeling was computed for multivariable analysis.

Results: A total of 124 patients with advanced cHL with a median follow up of 40.9 months were included. A total of 84 (67.7%) received ABVD (doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine), whereas the remaining 40 (32.3%) received ABVD/eBEACOPP (escalated bleomycin, etoposide, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone). A positive IFI was seen in 36 (29%) patients. The corresponding 3-year progression free survival (PFS) stratified by IFI was 81.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 70.1%-88.8%) versus 48.3% (95% CI, 30.4%-64.1%) (P < .0001) for patients with negative or positive scan, respectively. Escalation to eBEACOPP from ABVD following a positive IFI resulted in a significantly higher 3-year PFS at 58.7% (95% CI, 0.3-0.79) versus 39.7% (95% CI, 0.18-0.61) respectively (P = .00015). Overall survival (OS) was similar across the groups (P = .44) irrespective of therapy received. At multivariable analysis, IFI was the only predictor of PFS with a hazard ratio of 4.6 (95% CI, 1.9-10.8; P = .0008) whereas therapy escalation had a hazard ratio of 0.66 (95% CI, 0.14-3.4; P = .62).

Conclusion: IFI is an independent predictor of PFS in advanced cHL and can guide therapeutic decisions in the real world. Given the inferior outcome seen in patients with a positive IFI, novel approaches of therapy are warranted.

Keywords: ABVD; Advanced classical Hodgkin Lymphoma; Positron emission tomography (PET); Response-adapted therapy; eBEACOPP.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Hodgkin Disease / diagnostic imaging*
  • Hodgkin Disease / pathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging / methods*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Young Adult