Techniques for improving ophthalmic studies performed on administrative databases

Affiliations

• ¹ a Retina Service , Wills Eye Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
• ² b Department of Ophthalmology , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary , Boston , Massachusetts , USA.
• ³ c Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Informatics , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
• ⁴ d Discovery Eye Center, MyungSung Christian Medical Center , MyungSung Medical School , Addis Ababa , Ethiopia.
• ⁵ e Department of Ophthalmology , Scheie Eye Institute, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
• ⁶ f Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics & Epidemiology , University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.
• ⁷ g Leonard Davis Institute , University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.