Molecular Staging of Patients with Colon Cancer. The C-Closer-II Study: A Multicentre Study in Portugal

Acta Med Port. 2018 Nov 30;31(11):661-669. doi: 10.20344/amp.9696. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Abstract

Introduction: Approximately 20% - 30% of histological lymph node-negative patients with colorectal cancer relapse at five years after surgical treatment. This recurrence is likely due to occult nodal disease undetected by standard histopathological practice which has implications in terms of the clinical management of patients.

Material and methods: Lymph nodes were collected from colectomy specimens. A central section from each lymph node was histologically examined following haematoxylin-eosin staining and the remaining tissue was subjected to OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification analysis.

Results: A total of 1046 lymph nodes from 59 pN0 patients were assessed. Of these, 753 lymph nodes were examined by both methods. The median number of lymph nodes assessed with OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification was 12 (IQR: 7;16). Among pN0 patients, 17 had OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification-positive lymph nodes, resulting in a positive molecular staging rate of 28.8% (95% CI: 17.8 - 42.1). Among these patients, 12 (70.59%) were molecular-staged as pN1 and 5 (29.41%) were molecular staged as pN2. The tumour burden of lymph nodes assessed with OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification ranged from 270 to 17 000 cytokeratin 19 mRNA copies/μL. Most of these patients (88.2%) were found to have lymph nodes with micrometastases only (250 - 4999 copies/μL).

Discussion: We provide the results from the first study of the use of the OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification assay in colorectal cancer patients in Portugal. Our results are in-line with other international studies, showing the improvement on patients' staging by molecular examination of lymph nodes.

Conclusion: In our study, 28.8% of patients with histologically negative lymph nodes were found to have metastatic lymph nodes using OSNA - one step nucleic acid molecular assessment. OSNA - one step nucleic acid assay allows a more accurate staging of patients with colorectal cancer and standardizes lymph node assessment.

Introdução: Cerca de 20% - 30% dos doentes com cancro colo-rectal, com gânglios linfáticos regionais negativos por histologia têm recidiva do carcinoma colo-rectal, após cinco anos do tratamento cirúrgico. Esta recorrência é provavelmente devida à presença de metástases ganglionares ocultas, não detetadas no exame anatomo-patológico standard. Material e Métodos: Os gânglios linfáticos foram obtidos a partir de espécimes de colectomia. Uma secção central de cada gânglio linfático foi analisada histologicamente com a coloração de hematoxilina-eosina e o tecido restante foi sujeito a análise de OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification. Resultados: Um total de 1046 gânglios linfáticos de 59 doentes pN0 foram avaliados. Foram examinados 753 gânglios linfáticos por ambos os métodos. A mediana de gânglios linfáticos avaliados com OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification foi de 12 (IQR:7; 16). Entre os doentes pN0, 17 tinham gânglios linfáticos positivos para OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification, resultando numa taxa de estadiamento molecular positiva de 28,8% (95% CI: 17,8 - 42,1). De entre esses doentes, 12 (70,59%) apresentaram-se molecularmente pN1 e cinco (29,41%) pN2. A carga tumoral dos gânglios linfáticos avaliada com OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification variou de 270 a 17 000 cópias/μL de ARNm de citoqueratina 19. A maioria desses doentes (88,2%) apresentou gânglios linfáticos com micrometástases (250 - 4999 cópias/μL). Discussão: Apresentamos os resultados do primeiro estudo do ensaio OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification levado a cabo, em pacientes com cancro colo-rectal, em Portugal. Os nossos resultados estão em linha com outros estudos internacionais, demostrando uma melhoria no estadiamento dos doentes, pelo exame molecular dos gânglios linfáticos. Conclusão: Verificou-se que 28,8% dos doentes com gânglios linfáticos histologicamente negativos apresentavam doença ganglionar metastática, usando a avaliação molecular de OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification. O ensaio OSNA - one step nucleic acid amplification permite um estadiamento mais preciso de doentes com carcinoma do colon e padroniza a avaliação dos gânglios linfáticos.

Keywords: Colorectal Neoplasms; Lymph Nodes; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / genetics
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology*
  • Aged
  • Colonic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Colonic Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Nodes / pathology*
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / genetics
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Male
  • Neoplasm Micrometastasis / genetics
  • Neoplasm Micrometastasis / pathology*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Neoplasm Staging / methods*
  • Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques / methods*
  • Portugal
  • Prospective Studies