Lead perforation extending beyond the pericardium: Can we treat it percutaneously? Poke, pause, pray, and perform

Abstract

Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIED) are utilized in increasing number and in heterogeneous populations. With excellent training, checklists, and "muscle memory," the implantation procedure is generally very safe and efficient. Nevertheless, significant and potentially life-threatening complications can occur.

Keywords: cardiac lead extraction; cardiac lead perforation; lead repositioning; pacemaker; ventricular perforation.