Measles-vectored vaccine approaches against viral infections: a focus on Chikungunya

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2019 Apr;18(4):393-403. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2019.1562908. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Abstract

The large global burden of viral infections and especially the rapidly spreading vector-borne diseases and other emerging viral diseases show the need for new approaches in vaccine development. Several new vaccine technology platforms have been developed and are under evaluation. Areas covered: This article discusses the measles vector platform technology derived from the safe and highly efficacious measles virus vaccine. The pipeline of measles-vectored vaccine candidates against viral diseases is reviewed. Particular focus is given to the Chikungunya vaccine candidate as the first measles-vectored vaccine that demonstrated safety, immunogenicity, and functionality of the technology in humans even in the presence of pre-existing anti-measles immunity and thus achieved proof of concept for the technology. Expert commentary: Demonstrating no impact of pre-existing anti-measles immunity in humans on the response to the transgene was fundamental for the technology and indicates that the technology is suitable for large-scale immunization in measles pre-immune populations. The proof of concept in humans combined with a large preclinical track record of safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy for a variety of pathogens suggest the measles vector platform as promising plug-and-play vaccine platform technology for rapid development of effective preventive vaccines against viral and other infectious diseases.

Keywords: Chikungunya; MV-CHIK; emerging diseases; measles vector; vaccine development; vector-borne diseases; viral diseases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Chikungunya Fever / prevention & control*
  • Chikungunya Fever / virology
  • Chikungunya virus / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunization*
  • Measles virus / genetics*
  • Vaccines, Synthetic / immunology
  • Viral Vaccines / genetics
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology*
  • Virus Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Virus Diseases / virology

Substances

  • Vaccines, Synthetic
  • Viral Vaccines