The potential radio-immunotherapeutic α-emitter 227Th - part II: Absolute γ-ray emission intensities from the excited levels of 223Ra

Appl Radiat Isot. 2019 Mar:145:251-257. doi: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2018.10.023. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Abstract

At the time of publication, radiopharmaceuticals labelled with thorium-227 are in clinical trials in Europe for the treatment of various types of cancer. In part I of this two-part series the primary standardisation of an aqueous solution of 227Th was reported. In part II, the activity derived from the recommended absolute γ-ray emission intensities have been compared to that from the primary standardisation techniques. This comparison showed a negative bias of 4% in the determined activity per unit mass with an 11% spread in the activities determined for the eight most intense γ-ray emissions (Iγ > 1%) from the 227Th α decay. Using the standardised 227Th, measurements of the characteristic γ-ray emissions from the 223Ra excited states were made using a calibrated HPGe γ-ray spectrometer. This has enabled the absolute intensities of 70 γ ray emissions from the 227Th α-decay to be experimentally determined. A significant improvement over the precision of the recommended normalisation scaling factor has been made, with a value of 12.470 (35) % determined. Typically, the precision of the intensities has been improved by an order of magnitude or greater than current recommended values. The correlation matrices for pairs of the most intense γ-ray emission intensities are presented.

Keywords: (227)Th; Nuclear data; Nuclear medicine; Radioactivity; Radioimmunotherapy; γ-ray.

MeSH terms

  • Alpha Particles / therapeutic use
  • Calibration
  • Gamma Rays / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms / radiotherapy
  • Radioimmunotherapy / methods
  • Radioimmunotherapy / standards
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / standards
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / therapeutic use*
  • Radium / chemistry
  • Reference Standards
  • Scintillation Counting
  • Spectrometry, Gamma
  • Thorium / standards
  • Thorium / therapeutic use*

Substances

  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Thorium-227
  • Thorium
  • Radium-223
  • Radium