Contralateral C7 Nerve Transfer with Direct Coaptation to Restore Lower Trunk Function After Traumatic Brachial Plexus Avulsion Injuries: Surgical Technique

JBJS Essent Surg Tech. 2014 Mar 12;4(1):e5. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.ST.M.00027. eCollection 2014 Mar.

Abstract

Introduction: We describe a new technique for treating traumatic brachial plexus avulsion injury with a contralateral C7 nerve transfer with direct coaptation that shortens the time to muscle reinnervation.

Step 1 explore the injured brachial plexus: Explore the brachial plexus carefully and confirm the nerve-root avulsion injuries from C7 to T1.

Step 2 harvest the contralateral c7 nerve: Dissect the divisions of the contralateral C7 nerve root, divide the nerve at the junction between the divisions and cords, and mobilize it proximally.

Step 3 create the prespinal route: Create the prespinal route to guide the contralateral C7 nerve to the injured side.

Step 4 humeral shortening osteotomy: If the contralateral C7 nerve does not reach the injured lower trunk, perform a humeral shortening osteotomy, generally with <5 cm of shortening in adults.

Step 5 neurorrhaphy: Suture one end of the sural nerve together with the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve to the musculocutaneous nerve; anastomose the remainder of the contralateral C7 nerve directly with the lower trunk.

Step 6 postoperative care: Use a prefabricated brace to hold the head in the neutral position and immobilize the injured limb for six weeks.

Results: We evaluated the results of the technique in a study of seventy men and five women with a mean age (and standard deviation) of 28 ± 10 years (range, ten to fifty-three years).IndicationsContraindicationsPitfalls & Challenges.