Pilot Study to Evaluate the Adjunct Use of a Povidone-Iodine Topical Antiseptic in Patients with Soft Tissue Abscesses

J Emerg Med. 2019 Apr;56(4):405-412. doi: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2018.12.026. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Abstract

Background: Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) antiseptic solutions have been shown to be effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus, a common cause of superficial skin abscesses.

Objectives: Our objective was to study the feasibility of using PVP-I as a treatment adjunct in patients with superficial skin abscesses and determine if it confers any benefit over incision and drainage (I&D) alone.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled pilot study of adult patients with an uncomplicated skin abscess. Patients were randomized to PVP-I or standard treatment. All patients had I&D and abscess packing. Patients randomized to PVP-I were instructed on daily application of the agent to hands, wound, and surrounding skin with dressing changes. Subjects returned at 48-72 h and 7-10 days and followed-up by phone at 30 days. The primary outcome was clinical cure 7-10 days after I&D. The secondary outcomes were rate of development of new skin lesions and spread in household contacts within 30 days.

Results: Clinical cure occurred in 91.3% of patients in the standard group vs. 88.2% of patients in the PVP-I group (difference, 3.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI] -10.7 to 16.8; p = 0.53). There was a significantly higher adverse event rate in the group who received PVP-I (59.6%) vs. standard care (26.5%) (difference 33.1%, 95% CI 13.2-50.2; p < 0.001).

Conclusions: There was no difference in clinical cure rates among patients using PVP-I (88.2%) vs. standard care (91.3%) after I&D. There were no major adverse events, but the addition of PVP-I was commonly associated with local skin irritation.

Keywords: abscess; antiseptic; iodine; povidone; wound care.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / pharmacology
  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local / therapeutic use
  • Drainage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / pathogenicity
  • Middle Aged
  • Povidone-Iodine / pharmacology*
  • Povidone-Iodine / therapeutic use
  • Soft Tissue Infections / drug therapy*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wound Healing / drug effects

Substances

  • Anti-Infective Agents, Local
  • Povidone-Iodine