Impact of a qSOFA-based triage procedure on antibiotic timing in ED patients with sepsis: A prospective interventional study

Am J Emerg Med. 2020 Mar;38(3):477-484. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.05.022. Epub 2019 May 10.

Abstract

Background: It has not been investigated whether the quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment score (qSOFA), a new bedside tool for early sepsis detection, may help accelerating antibiotic initiation in ED patients with sepsis.

Methods: In this prospective pre/post quasi-experimental single-ED study, patients admitted with a suspected bacterial infection were managed using standard triage procedures only (baseline) or in association with qSOFA (intervention, with prioritization of patients with a qSOFA ≥ 2).

Results: A total of 151/328 (46.0%) and 185/350 (52.8%) patients with definite bacterial infection met the criteria for sepsis in the baseline and intervention periods, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of a qSOFA ≥ 2 for sepsis prediction were 17.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 13.6%-21.7%) and 98.8% (95% CI, 97.0%-99.5%). Eleven (7.3%) and 28 (13.5%) patients with sepsis in the baseline and intervention periods received a first antibiotic dose within one hour following triage (primary endpoint, absolute difference 6.2%, 95% CI [-0.5%, 12.7%], P = 0.08). The proportions of patients with sepsis receiving a first antibiotic dose within three hours following triage (39.7% [50/151] versus 36.8% [68/185], absolute difference - 2.9%, 95% CI [-13.3%, 7.3%], P = 0.65), requiring ICU admission, or dying in the hospital were similar in both periods. The median ED occupation rate at triage was 104.3% (interquartile range [IQR], 80.4%-128.3%), with a median number of 157 ED visits per day (IQR, 147-169).

Conclusions: A qSOFA-based triage procedure does not improve antibiotic timing and outcomes in patients with sepsis admitted to a high-volume ED. The qSOFA value at triage was poorly sensitive for early sepsis detection. Trial registration (ClinicalTrials.gov): NCT03299894.

Keywords: Antimicrobial agents; Quick sepsis-related organ failure assessment (qSOFA); Sepsis; Sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA); Septic shock.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / organization & administration
  • Emergency Service, Hospital / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Organ Dysfunction Scores*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Sepsis / diagnosis*
  • Sepsis / drug therapy
  • Time-to-Treatment
  • Triage / methods*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03299894