The application of faecal egg count results and statistical inference for clinical decision making in foals

Vet Parasitol. 2019 Jun:270:7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.04.010. Epub 2019 Apr 29.

Abstract

This study investigated the impact of variability in Parascaris spp. and strongyle faecal egg counts (FEC) from foals on treatment decision-making and detection of a patent infection. A single faecal sample was collected once daily for three days from 53 foals and a FEC was performed on three separate portions of each sample (total of nine egg counts per foal). Differences in the decision to administer an anthelmintic using the results of a single count (C1), the mean of three (X¯1-3) or nine counts (X¯1-9) and the upper 5% confidence limit of the gamma confidence interval (CI) of the estimate of the distribution mean (μ) from three (UCL1-3) and nine counts (UCL1-9) were determined for a range of egg count thresholds. The UCL1-9 was used as the best estimate of μ, hypothesis testing for treatment and the comparison of treatment decision-making using C1, X¯1-3, X¯1-9 and UCL1-3. The results of this study demonstrated that a point estimate (C1 or X¯1-3) was of limited value for estimating the distribution mean of egg counts in faeces and there was overall poor agreement in treatment decision-making for individual foals using C1 compared with UCL1-9. Of the foals with C1 of zero eggs per gram, 54% and 47% had Parascaris and strongyle eggs in subsequent counts, respectively. The egg density in faeces is inhomogeneous, resulting in considerable variability in egg count results for an individual foal: between faecal piles, different portions of a faecal pile and days. The use of the negative binomial distribution CI for μ takes this variability into account and is recommended for use when interpreting FEC data from horses.

Keywords: Ascarid; Cyathostomins; Horse; McMaster; Parascaris.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / therapeutic use*
  • Ascaridida Infections / drug therapy
  • Ascaridida Infections / veterinary*
  • Ascaridoidea
  • Clinical Decision-Making / methods*
  • Horse Diseases / drug therapy*
  • Horses
  • Parasite Egg Count / veterinary*

Substances

  • Anthelmintics