Need for additional anesthesia after single injection spinal analgesia for labor: a retrospective cohort study

Int J Obstet Anesth. 2019 Nov:40:45-51. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2019.05.013. Epub 2019 Jun 1.

Abstract

Background: There is little information about the use and efficacy of single injection spinal blocks for labor analgesia; specifically, how frequently subsequent analgesia or anesthesia is needed. This study determined how frequently an additional anesthetic intervention was needed in women who received single injection spinal analgesia.

Methods: This retrospective study examined electronic medical records to find all single injection spinal analgesic blocks for labor analgesia over a 14-year (2003-2016) period. Patient and block characteristics and patient outcomes were recorded. The primary outcome was need for an additional anesthetic intervention following single injection spinal for labor analgesia.

Results: Four-hundred-and-twenty-eight patients received single injection spinal blocks for labor and 60 (14.0%) needed an additional anesthetic either for labor analgesia (n=49) or an unexpected procedure (n=11). Two of these (0.5%) required general anesthesia. Parity of zero (nulliparous), a low cervical dilation at the time of the spinal injection, and induction of labor status, were associated with an increased risk of needing an additional anesthetic intervention.

Conclusions: This retrospective review provides evidence that single injection spinal anesthesia may be used for multiparous women with spontaneous labor and more advanced cervical dilation.

Keywords: Labor analgesia; Neuraxial anesthesia; Single injection spinal; Spinal; Spinal analgesia.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Analgesia, Epidural / methods*
  • Analgesia, Obstetrical / methods*
  • Anesthesia, Obstetrical / methods*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Injections, Spinal
  • Labor, Obstetric*
  • Pregnancy
  • Retrospective Studies