Outcome of intracranial flow diversion according to the antiplatelet regimen used: a systematic review and meta-analysis

J Neurointerv Surg. 2020 Feb;12(2):148-155. doi: 10.1136/neurintsurg-2019-014996. Epub 2019 Jul 4.

Abstract

Background: Thromboembolic complications are not uncommon in patients undergoing neurointerventional procedures. The use of flow diverting stents is associated with higher risks of these complications despite current dual antiplatelet regimens.

Objective: To explore contemporary evidence on the safety of emerging dual antiplatelet regimens in flow diverting stenting procedures.

Methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify relevant articles in electronic databases, and relevant references. Studies reporting the complications and mortality of flow diverting stenting procedures using acetyl salicylic acid (ASA) + ticagrelor or ASA + prasugrel compared with ASA + clopidogrel were included.

Results: Of 452 potentially relevant studies, we identified 49 studies (2526 patients) which reported the safety of ticagrelor or prasugrel for pooled analysis, and five studies (1005 patients) for meta-analysis. The pooled overall mortality in all studies was 2.14%, ischemic complications 6.89%, and hemorrhagic complications 3.68%. The use of ticagrelor or prasugrel was associated with a lower risk of mortality compared with clopidogrel (RR=4.57, 95% CI 1.23 to 16.99; p=0.02). Considering ischemic events, ASA + clopidogrel was as safe as ASA + prasugrel (RR=0.55, 95% CI 0.11 to 2.74; p=0.47) and ASA + ticagrelor (RR=0.74, 95% CI 0.32 to 1.74; p=0.49). ASA +ticagrelor was not associated with a higher risk of hemorrhagic complications (RR=0.92, 95% CI 0.27 to 3.16; p=0.89).

Conclusions: Evidence suggests that dual antiplatelet regimens including ticagrelor or prasugrel are safe for patients undergoing flow diversion procedures. Regimens using ticagrelor were associated with better survival than those using clopidogrel in the included studies.

Keywords: flow diverter.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Aspirin / administration & dosage
  • Aspirin / adverse effects
  • Brain Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Brain Ischemia / drug therapy*
  • Brain Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Clopidogrel / administration & dosage
  • Clopidogrel / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Prasugrel Hydrochloride / administration & dosage
  • Prasugrel Hydrochloride / adverse effects
  • Self Expandable Metallic Stents / adverse effects
  • Self Expandable Metallic Stents / trends*
  • Ticagrelor / administration & dosage
  • Ticagrelor / adverse effects
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel
  • Prasugrel Hydrochloride
  • Ticagrelor
  • Aspirin