Temozolomide as a Single Agent Maintenance Therapy in Elderly Patients With Primary CNS Lymphoma

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2019 Oct;19(10):665-669. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2019.05.012. Epub 2019 May 28.

Abstract

Introduction: Optimal management of elderly patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) after induction therapy is unclear. Whole-brain radiotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation carry increased toxicity in patients older than 60 years of age, which might outweigh the benefits in this group. Temozolomide (TMZ) has established antineoplastic activity in the central nervous system in other disease states, with a favorable toxicity profile.

Patients and methods: We report efficacy and tolerability in a series of 10 patients treated off-label with TMZ maintenance after completion of R-MPV (rituximab, methotrexate, procarbazine and vincristine) treatment for or primary diagnosed PCNSL.

Results: Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 57 months, 2-year PFS was 67%, and 5-year PFS was 33%. Median overall survival (OS) was 63 months, 2-year OS was 88%, and 5-year OS was 57%. TMZ was generally well tolerated, with the most common toxicity of Grade 3 or higher being thrombocytopenia in 3 patients (30%).

Conclusion: These outcomes suggest that TMZ might have activity for maintenance in elderly patients with PCNSL, when more aggressive treatments are contraindicated.

Keywords: Consolidation; MTX; PCNSL; R-MPV; TMZ.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Brain Diseases / chemically induced
  • Central Nervous System Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / drug therapy*
  • Maintenance Chemotherapy / methods
  • Male
  • Methotrexate / administration & dosage
  • Methotrexate / adverse effects
  • Middle Aged
  • Neutropenia / chemically induced
  • Procarbazine / administration & dosage
  • Procarbazine / adverse effects
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Rituximab / administration & dosage
  • Rituximab / adverse effects
  • Temozolomide / adverse effects
  • Temozolomide / therapeutic use*
  • Vincristine / administration & dosage
  • Vincristine / adverse effects

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
  • Procarbazine
  • Rituximab
  • Vincristine
  • Temozolomide
  • Methotrexate