Night Blindness in Cystic Fibrosis: The Key Role of Vitamin A in the Digestive System

Nutrients. 2019 Aug 13;11(8):1876. doi: 10.3390/nu11081876.

Abstract

Vitamin A is a fundamental micronutrient that regulates various cellular patterns. Vitamin A deficiency (VAT) is a worldwide problem and the primary cause of nocturnal blindness especially in low income countries. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a known risk factor of VAD because of liposoluble vitamin malabsorption due to pancreatic insufficiency. We describe a case of a 9-year-old girl who experienced recurrent episodes of nocturnal blindness due to profound VAD. This little girl is paradigmatic for the explanation of the key role of the gut-liver axis in vitamin A metabolism. She presents with meconium ileus at birth, requiring intestinal resection that led to a transient intestinal failure with parenteral nutrition need. In addition, she suffered from cholestatic liver disease due to CF and intestinal failure-associated liver disease. The interaction of pancreatic function, intestinal absorption and liver storage is fundamental for the correct metabolism of vitamin A.

Keywords: cystic fibrosis; short bowel syndrome; vitamin A deficiency.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cystic Fibrosis / complications*
  • Cystic Fibrosis / diagnosis
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Absorption*
  • Night Blindness / diagnosis
  • Night Blindness / etiology*
  • Night Blindness / physiopathology
  • Night Blindness / therapy
  • Night Vision*
  • Nutritional Status
  • Parenteral Nutrition, Home
  • Recurrence
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / complications*
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / physiopathology
  • Short Bowel Syndrome / therapy
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vitamin A / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin A / metabolism
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / diagnosis
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / etiology*
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / physiopathology
  • Vitamin A Deficiency / therapy

Substances

  • Vitamin A