Impact of complete percutaneous revascularization in elderly patients with chronic total occlusion

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2020 Jan;95(1):145-153. doi: 10.1002/ccd.28452. Epub 2019 Aug 20.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the prognostic impact of successful chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and completeness of revascularization in the elderly.

Background: Successful CTO-PCI is associated with clinical benefit. Notwithstanding elderly patients are currently underrepresented in CTO-PCI randomized controlled trials and registries.

Methods: From the Florence CTO-PCI registry 1,405 patients underwent CTO-PCI between 2004 and 2015; out of these, 460 consecutive patients were ≥75 years. End point of the study was long-term cardiac survival. The prognostic impact of successful CTO-PCI and complete revascularization on survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier estimation and by Cox multivariable regression analysis.

Results: Patients were stratified according to success (72%) or failure of CTO-PCI. Completeness of revascularization was achieved in 57% of patients. Five-year cardiac survival was significantly higher in the successful CTO-PCI group (84 ± 3% vs. 72 ± 6%; p = .006) and it was further improved if complete coronary revascularization was achieved (90 ± 3% vs. 68 ± 5%; p < .001). At multivariable analysis, increasing age (hazard ratio [HR] 1.08; p = .001), diabetes (HR 1.55; p = .033), chronic kidney disease (HR 1.96, p = .002), left ventricular ejection fraction <0.40 (HR 2.10; p < .001), and completeness of revascularization (HR 0.58; p < .005) resulted independently associated with long-term cardiac survival.

Conclusions: In the elderly successful CTO-PCI is associated with a long-term survival benefit. The results of this study suggest that, even in the elderly, a CTO-PCI attempt should be considered to achieve complete coronary revascularization.

Keywords: CTO-PCI; coronary artery disease.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Chronic Disease
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Occlusion / mortality
  • Coronary Occlusion / physiopathology
  • Coronary Occlusion / therapy*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Italy
  • Male
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / mortality
  • Registries
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome