[Cell-free DNA fraction: Can it be used to evaluate the risk of obstetrical issues?]

Gynecol Obstet Fertil Senol. 2019 Nov;47(11):790-796. doi: 10.1016/j.gofs.2019.09.015. Epub 2019 Oct 5.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate if fetal cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fraction circulating in maternal blood at the beginning of the second trimester is associated with obstetrical complications.

Methods: This is a retrospective unicentric study conducted at the hospital of Poissy Saint Germain between the 1st January 2015, and the 31st. December 2016, Each woman who had a genetic counseling in order to realize a non-invasive prenatal test (NIPT) was included. Only singleton pregnancies with a documented-issue were analysed. The primary criteria was a composite criteria, defined as the occurrence of preeclampsia, in utero fetal growth, or a spontaneous preterm delivery. A descriptive analyse was first conducted, secondly completed by a sub-group one: "high fetal fraction" (>90th percentile) group, "low fetal-fraction" group (<10th percentile) and "medium fetal-fraction" (control group) group.

Results: A total of 417 women had a cfDNA test, which was performed at a mean gestational age of 17.1 weeks of gestation. A total of 17% of pregnancies met the primary criteria. Among them, there were 8 (1.9%) pre-eclampsia, 49 (11.8%) intra-uterine growth restriction and 14 (3.4%) preterm births. There was no significant difference for the occurrence of the primary criteria (P>0.99) and of each obstetrical complication between each group.

Conclusion: Fetal cf-DNA fraction measured at the beginning of the second trimester is not associated with common obstetrical complications.

Keywords: ADN libre circulant; Accouchement prématuré; Cell-free DNA; Complications obstétricales; Fetal fraction; Fraction fœtale; Obstetrical issues; Pre-eclampsia; Premature delivery; Pré-éclampsie.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Cell-Free Nucleic Acids / blood*
  • Female
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / blood
  • Fetal Growth Retardation / diagnosis*
  • Humans
  • Pre-Eclampsia / blood
  • Pre-Eclampsia / diagnosis*
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Trimester, Second / blood
  • Premature Birth / blood
  • Premature Birth / diagnosis*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cell-Free Nucleic Acids