Identification and characterization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins with significant anti-cancer activity in adzuki beans (Vigna angularis)

Sei-Ichi Kawahara; Chisato Ishihara; Kiriko Matsumoto; Shogo Senga; Koichiro Kawaguchi; Ayaka Yamamoto; Jutalak Suwannachot; Yasunori Hamauzu; Hidefumi Makabe; Hiroshi Fujii

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02610

Identification and characterization of oligomeric proanthocyanidins with significant anti-cancer activity in adzuki beans (Vigna angularis)

Heliyon. 2019 Oct 23;5(10):e02610. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02610. eCollection 2019 Oct.

Authors

Sei-Ichi Kawahara¹, Chisato Ishihara², Kiriko Matsumoto³, Shogo Senga¹, Koichiro Kawaguchi¹, Ayaka Yamamoto², Jutalak Suwannachot⁴, Yasunori Hamauzu^{1

4}, Hidefumi Makabe^{1

4

5}, Hiroshi Fujii^{1

2

5}

Affiliations

¹ Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
² Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
³ Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
⁴ Graduate School of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture, Division of Food Science and Biotechnology, Shinshu University, 8304 Minami-minowa Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.
⁵ Department of Biomolecular Innovation, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Minami-minowa, Kami-ina, Nagano, 399-4598, Japan.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to characterize and evaluate the anti-cancer activity of proanthocyanidin-enriched fractions from adzuki beans. For this purpose, we concentrated proanthocyanidins from adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) into five fractions using Amberlite XAD-1180N, Toyopearl HW40F, and Sepacore C-18 reverse-phase flash column chromatography. Proanthocyanidin-enriched fractions were characterized as (epi)catechin hexamer, heptamer, and octamer, epigallocatechin-(epi)catechin pentamer, and epigallocatechin-(epi)catechin hexamer using electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and thiolytic degradation. These fractions showed significant anti-cancer activity against the human PC-3 prostate cancer cell line. They also significantly suppressed the expression of the fatty acid-binding protein 5 gene, which plays critical roles in cell growth and metastasis in prostate cancer.

Keywords: Analytical chemistry; Anti-cancer; Biochemistry; Cancer research; Fatty acid-binding protein; Food chemistry; Food composition; Proanthocyanidin; Vigna angularis.