Association of dietary components with dyslipidemia and low-grade inflammation biomarkers in adults with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia from different countries

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2019 Dec;73(12):1622-1625. doi: 10.1038/s41430-019-0529-3. Epub 2019 Nov 6.

Abstract

The association of components of a low saturated fat (SFA) and of a Mediterranean diet was tested with atherosclerosis biomarkers in 190 familial hypercholesterolemia adults (FH) from Brazil (BR) and Spain (SP). Median blood LDL-C, Apolipoprotein B (apoB), and C reactive protein (hs-CRP) concentrations were higher in BR than in SP: 179.0 vs.161 mg/dL; 141 vs. 103 mg/dL; and 1.6 vs. 0.8 mg/L respectively (all p < 0.001). In BR there was lower median total fat (22.3 vs. 38.3%) and SFA (8.1 vs. 12.5%) but higher cholesterol (283.3 mg vs.188.9 mg) and carbohydrate (57.1 vs. 42.5%) consumption (all p < 0.001). Inverse associations were encountered between fibers, mono, and polyunsaturated fats and their ratios to SFA with LDL-C and ApoB (all p < 0.001). There was a direct association respectively of cholesterol with lipid biomarkers and of carbohydrates and trans-fatty acids with hs-CRP while other fats showed inverse relations with the latter (p < 0.001).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • C-Reactive Protein / analysis
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Diet / statistics & numerical data
  • Dietary Fats / analysis*
  • Dyslipidemias*
  • Humans
  • Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II*
  • Inflammation*
  • Lipids / blood*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires

Substances

  • Dietary Fats
  • Lipids
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Cholesterol