Time to reperfusion in high-risk patients with myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Abstract

Introduction: Timely reperfusion with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) improves patient outcomes. In recent years, the Stent for Life (SFL) initiative in Portugal developed an action plan to improve timely access to PPCI. This study aims to evaluate performance indicators in high-risk populations (elderly, female, and diabetic patients).

Methods: Data on 1340 patients with suspected STEMI who were admitted to 18 Portuguese interventional cardiology centers were collected during a one-month period every year from 2011 to 2016. The risk of longer patient and system delay in elderly, female, and diabetic patients was assessed by logistic regression analysis.

Results: Patient and system delays were longer in elderly patients (incremental median 32 and 40 min; p=0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Median system delay was also longer in women (incremental median 25 min; p<0.001). Consequently, times to revascularization were longer in elderly patients (incremental median 92 min; p<0.001) and women (incremental median 67 min; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in reperfusion delay in diabetic patients. After adjustment for gender and diabetes, elderly age was an independent predictor of patient delay longer than the median (OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.22-2.20; p=0.001) and system delay >90 min (OR 2.95; 95% CI 1.84-4.72; p<0.001).

Conclusion: Elderly patients showed longer patient and system delays, regardless of gender and presence of diabetes. These data suggest that the elderly subgroup should be the target of a new action by the SFL initiative.

Keywords: Atraso do doente e do sistema; Diabetes; Diabéticos; Elderly; Enfarte agudo do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST; Idosos; Mulheres; Patient and system delay; ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; Stent for Life; Women.