Objective: To understand the prevalence of carotid plaque (CP) in population at high-risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Jiangsu province and identify related influencing factors. Methods: Based on the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events Million Persons Project from 2015 to 2016, a total of 11 392 persons at high-risk for CVD were selected from six project areas in Jiangsu province for the questionnaire survey, physical measurement, laboratory test and bilateral ultrasound examination of carotid arteries. The prevalence of CP and influencing factors of abnormal carotid arteries, CP and plaque burden (CP≥2) were analyzed. Results: Among the persons surveyed, 4 821 (42.3%) were males. The age of the persons surveyed was (59.4±8.9) years. There were 5 971 abnormal carotid arteries cases (52.4%), including 1 782 carotid intima-media thickness thickening cases (15.6%), 3 811 CP cases (33.5%) and 378 carotid stenosis cases (3.3%). Older age (OR=2.253, 95%CI: 2.127-2.386), urban residence (OR=2.622, 95%CI: 2.375-2.895), hypertension (OR=1.439, 95%CI: 1.195-1.732), smoking (OR=1.441, 95%CI: 1.259- 1.650), pulse pressure difference (OR=1.270, 95%CI: 1.198-1.347), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (OR=1.109, 95%CI: 1.059-1.161) and LDL-C/HDL-C (OR=1.225, 95%CI: 1.164-1.288) were possible risk factors of CP in population at high risk for CVD. Being women (OR=0.558, 95%CI: 0.494-0.630), high BMI (OR=0.948, 95%CI: 0.904-0.994), higher levels of education (OR=0.708, 95%CI: 0.531-0.945), and higher annual household income (OR=0.773, 95%CI: 0.669-0.894) were the possible protective factors. Conclusions: Over half of the population at high-risk for CVD in Jiangsu showed abnormal carotid arteries. High blood pressure, high blood glucose, high blood lipids and smoking were the main factors that could be changed.
目的： 了解颈动脉斑块（CP）在江苏省心血管病高危人群中的流行概况及相关影响因素。 方法： 2015－2016年依托中国心血管病高危人群早期筛查与综合干预项目，以江苏省6个项目点筛查出的11 392名心血管病高危人群作为研究对象，进行问卷调查、身体测量、实验室检测以及颈动脉彩色超声检测，探讨CP的流行概况，对CP发生的影响因素进行多因素logistic回归分析。 结果： 研究对象年龄为（59.4±8.9）岁，男性4 821例（42.3%）。颈动脉异常5 971例（52.4%），其中颈动脉内中膜增厚1 782例（15.6%），CP 3 811例（33.5%），颈动脉狭窄378例（3.3%）。高龄（OR=2.253，95%CI：2.127~2.386）、城市居民（OR=2.622，95%CI：2.375~2.895）、高血压（OR=1.439，95%CI：1.195~1.732）、吸烟（OR=1.441，95%CI：1.259~1.650）、脉压差增大（OR=1.270，95%CI：1.198~1.347）、FPG升高（OR=1.109，95%CI：1.059~1.161）、LDL-C/HDL-C升高（OR=1.225，95%CI：1.164~1.288）增加心血管病高危人群发生CP的风险，女性（OR=0.558，95%CI：0.494~0.630）、高BMI（OR=0.948，95%CI：0.904~0.994）、较高的文化程度（OR=0.708，95%CI：0.531~0.945）和较高的家庭年收入（OR=0.773，95%CI：0.669~0.894）则降低其风险。 结论： 江苏省超一半心血管病高危人群颈动脉异常，高血压、高血糖、高血脂和吸烟是相关影响因素。.
Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Carotid plaque; Risk factors.