Failures of once-a-week trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis in children undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

Transpl Infect Dis. 2020 Feb;22(1):e13231. doi: 10.1111/tid.13231. Epub 2019 Dec 27.

Abstract

Once-a-week cotrimoxazole is an effective prophylaxis for pneumocystosis during antineoplastic chemotherapy or autologous stem cell transplant. Following allogeneic stem cell transplant, this schedule is at risk of pneumocystosis or neurotoxoplasmosis, as demonstrated by these case reports. Therefore, a 3-times-a-week schedule must be adopted in these patients.

Keywords: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia; allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant; children; trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis.

MeSH terms

  • Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Child
  • Drug Administration Schedule*
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Immunocompromised Host
  • Pneumocystis carinii
  • Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / prevention & control*
  • Treatment Failure
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / administration & dosage*

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination