Cefoperazone-sulbactam and risk of coagulation disorders or bleeding: a retrospective cohort study

Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2020 Mar;19(3):339-347. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2020.1713090. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Abstract

Objectives: Limited evidence has suggested that cefoperazone-sulbactam causes coagulation disorders and bleeding.Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study to compare patients receiving cefoperazone-sulbactam versus those treated with cefoperazone-tazobactam or ceftazidime. Propensity-score matching was used to explore whether treatment with cefoperazone-sulbactam increased the risk of prothrombin time (PT) prolongation, coagulation disorders, and bleeding, or decreased platelets (PLT).Results: The cohort included 23,242 patients. Among patients receiving cefoperazone-sulbactam, the risk of PT prolongation, coagulation disorders, decreased PLT, and bleeding was 5.3%, 9.2%, 15.7%, and 4.2%, respectively. Propensity-score matching analyses suggested that cefoperazone-sulbactam increased the risk of PT prolongation (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.61-3.18), coagulation disorders (aOR 1.81, 95% CI 1.43-2.30), and decreased PLT (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.25-1.72), but not increase bleeding (aOR 1.05, 95% CI 0.79-1.40) compared with ceftazidime. Patients receiving cefoperazone-sulbactam had higher risk of PT prolongation (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.11-2.10), coagulation disorders (aOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.21-1.95), but not decreased PLT (aOR 0.93, 95% CI 0.81-1.07) or bleeding (aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.87-1.42), compared with those receiving cefoperazone-tazobactam.Conclusion: Cefoperazone-sulbactam may be associated with a higher risk of PT prolongation and coagulation disorders compared with cefoperazone-tazobactam and ceftazidime.

Keywords: Cefoperazone-sulbactam; PT prolongation; bleeding; coagulation disorders.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
  • Blood Coagulation Disorders / chemically induced*
  • Blood Platelets / drug effects
  • Cefoperazone / adverse effects*
  • Ceftazidime / adverse effects
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / adverse effects
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prothrombin Time / statistics & numerical data
  • Sulbactam / adverse effects*
  • Tazobactam / adverse effects
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cefoperazone
  • Ceftazidime
  • Sulbactam
  • Tazobactam