Management of Intraocular Infections in HIV

Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 2020 Oct 2;28(7):1099-1108. doi: 10.1080/09273948.2020.1727533. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Abstract

Purpose: Overview of treatment options for the most common intraocular opportunistic infections in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), including ocular syphilis, ocular tuberculosis, toxoplasmic chorioretinitis, and viral retinitis. Method: Narrative Review. Results: Despite the huge advances in the development of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) for the management of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, opportunistic infections still represent a significant diagnostic dilemma and cause of ocular morbidity in patients with HIV. Conclusion: Although the treatment of intraocular infections in patients with AIDS may be challenging, prompt assessment of the clinical features and appropriate aggressive management of the underlying etiology are critical to avoid life and vision threatening.

Keywords: Opportunistic infections; combined active retroviral therapy (cART); human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); intraocular infections; ocular syphilis; ocular toxoplasmosis; ocular tuberculosis; treatment; viral retinitis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / diagnosis
  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / drug therapy*
  • AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / etiology
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiprotozoal Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Eye Infections / drug therapy*
  • Eye Infections / microbiology
  • Eye Infections / parasitology
  • Eye Infections / virology
  • HIV Infections / complications*
  • Humans

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antiprotozoal Agents
  • Antiviral Agents