Cardiac implantable electronic devices in patients with persistent left superior vena cava-A single center experience

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2020 May;31(5):1175-1181. doi: 10.1111/jce.14460. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Abstract

Background: There are limited data on cardiac implantable electronic device implantation (CIED) in patients with persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC).

Objective: To describe the outcomes of implanting CIEDs with a focus on cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with PLSVC.

Methods: We identified all patients with a PLSVC that underwent CIED implantation from December 2008 until February 2019 at our institution by querying the electronic medical record (n = 34). We then identified controls in a 3:1 fashion (n = 102) by matching on device type (CRT vs non-CRT). Procedure success, complications, fluoroscopy and procedural time were recorded. Outcomes were compared using a two-way analysis of variance test and conditional regression modeling for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.

Results: A total of 34 patients with PLSVC underwent 38 procedures. Four patients underwent dual chamber system implantation followed by a subsequent upgrade to CRT. Thirteen patients underwent CRT implantation: one was implanted via the right subclavian while the rest were implanted via the PLSVC. Left ventricular (P = .06). Procedure and fluoroscopy times were significantly higher in the PLSVC as compared with the control group (97.7 vs 66.1 minute, P < .001 and 18.1 minute vs 8.7 minutes, P = .005, respectively).

Conclusion: CIED implant in patients with PLSVC is feasible but technically more challenging and appears to be associated with higher risk of right ventricular lead dislodgment.

Keywords: ICD; cardiac implantable electronic devices; left ventricular lead; pacemakers; persistent left superior vena cava.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Devices*
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy* / adverse effects
  • Databases, Factual
  • Defibrillators, Implantable
  • Electric Countershock / adverse effects
  • Electric Countershock / instrumentation*
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Operative Time
  • Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava / complications*
  • Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava / diagnostic imaging
  • Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects
  • Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vena Cava, Superior / abnormalities*
  • Vena Cava, Superior / diagnostic imaging