RP1L1 and inherited photoreceptor disease: A review

Surv Ophthalmol. 2020 Nov-Dec;65(6):725-739. doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2020.04.005. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Abstract

Retinitis pigmentosa 1-like 1 (RP1L1) is a component of the photoreceptor cilium. Pathogenic variants in RP1L1 lead to photoreceptor disease, suggesting an important role for RP1L1 in photoreceptor biology, though its exact function is unknown. To date, RP1L1 variants have been associated with occult macular dystrophy (a cone degeneration) and retinitis pigmentosa (a rod disease). Here, we summarize reported RP1L1-associated photoreceptor conditions and disease-causing RP1L1 variants. We also discuss novel associations between RP1L1 and additional photoreceptor conditions-besides occult macular dystrophy and retinitis pigmentosa-and fit RP1L1 into the broader scope of photoreceptor disease. RP1L1 appears to have a complex relationship with other photoreceptor proteins and may modify disease phenotype. Ultimately, further exploration of the relationship between RP1L1, other cilium components, and their impact on photoreceptor health is needed.

Keywords: RP1L1; axoneme; cilia; cone dystrophy; inherited blinding diseases; inherited photoreceptor degeneration; occult macular dystrophy; photoreceptors; retinitis pigmentosa; rod dystrophy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • DNA / genetics*
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Electroretinography
  • Eye Proteins / genetics*
  • Eye Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Mutation*
  • Phenotype
  • Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / metabolism*
  • Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / pathology
  • Retinal Diseases / genetics*
  • Retinal Diseases / metabolism

Substances

  • Eye Proteins
  • RP1L1 protein, human
  • DNA