Discovery of Zika Virus Dependency and Restriction Factors Using Flow-Based Arrayed CRISPR Screening for Identification of Targets (FACS-IT)

Methods Mol Biol. 2020:2142:215-234. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0581-3_17.

Abstract

The discovery and implementation of CRISPR/Cas9 tools in pooled genetic screens have allowed for the rapid, high-fidelity identification of host-virus interactions. However, pooled CRISPR screening has significant limitations in its ability both to perform cell biology and plate reader-based screens and to find alleles that result in intermediate-strength phenotypes. Here we introduce an arrayed CRISPR screening method, FACS-IT, which allows researchers to use high content imaging analysis, plate reader assays, cell supernatant characterization, and percent infectivity to characterize CRISPR-mediated gene disruptions causing both moderate and extreme phenotypic changes. By using flow sorting capabilities and CRISPR libraries that are widely available, FACS-IT overcomes both the significant limitation of pooled screening approaches and the prohibitive costs of large-scale arrayed CRISPR reagents. In doing so, FACS-IT will enable researchers to creatively use CRISPR screening to obtain a deeper understanding of biology across a wide range of fields and applications.

Keywords: Arrayed; CRISPR; Genetic screen; Host-virus interactions; Viral dependency; Viral restriction.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • A549 Cells
  • CRISPR-Associated Protein 9 / metabolism
  • Cell Culture Techniques / methods
  • Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats / genetics*
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Knockout Techniques
  • Genetic Testing / methods*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • High-Throughput Screening Assays / methods*
  • Humans
  • Phenotype
  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics
  • Viral Load / methods
  • Virulence Factors / genetics
  • Virulence Factors / isolation & purification
  • Virus Cultivation / methods
  • Zika Virus / genetics*
  • Zika Virus / pathogenicity*
  • Zika Virus / physiology
  • Zika Virus Infection / diagnosis*
  • Zika Virus Infection / genetics
  • Zika Virus Infection / pathology

Substances

  • RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems
  • Virulence Factors
  • CRISPR-Associated Protein 9