Chloroquine and closely related structural analogs, employed initially for the treatment of malaria, are now gaining worldwide attention due to the rapidly spreading pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, named coronavirus disease (COVID) of 2019 (COVID-19). Although much of this attention has a mechanistic basis, the hard efficacy data for chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine in the management of the clinical syndrome of COVID-19 have been limited thus far. This review aims to present the available in vitro and clinical data for the role of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and attempts to put them into perspective, especially in relation to the different risks/benefits particular to each patient who may require treatment.
Keywords: COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; anti-inflammatory; antimalarial; antiviral; chloroquine; hydroxychloroquine; immunomodulatory; pandemic.
Copyright © 2020 Shukla AM, Archibald LK, Wagle Shukla A, Mehta HJ, Cherabuddi K.