Safe chest tube placement in a patient with tension pneumothorax receiving rivaroxaban therapy for non-valvular atrial fibrillation

Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2020 Jun 12;90(2). doi: 10.4081/monaldi.2020.1262.

Abstract

The number of patients treated with direct oral anticoagulants is increasing worldwide. Although bleeding complications associated with direct oral anticoagulants are lower than those associated with vitamin K antagonists, the increased number of patients treated with these anticoagulants suggests that a higher absolute number of patients are at risk. Tube thoracostomy is an invasive procedure with a high risk of bleeding. To date, among direct oral anticoagulants, only dabigatran has a well-studied antidote to reverse its effects during emergency procedure or surgery. This report describes a case in which emergency placement of a tube thoracostomy, in a patient with type 2 respiratory failure due to left tension pneumothorax and receiving the anticoagulant rivaroxaban, in the pharmacokinetics phase with greater anticoagulant effect, did not result in bleeding greater than that typically encountered during such interventions. The procedure ended successfully with no acute complications.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Anticoagulants / administration & dosage
  • Atrial Fibrillation / drug therapy*
  • Chest Tubes / adverse effects*
  • Chest Tubes / standards
  • Dabigatran / administration & dosage
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Hemorrhage / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pneumothorax / complications
  • Pneumothorax / diagnosis
  • Pneumothorax / diagnostic imaging
  • Pneumothorax / surgery*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / diagnosis
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / etiology
  • Rivaroxaban / administration & dosage
  • Rivaroxaban / pharmacokinetics
  • Rivaroxaban / therapeutic use*
  • Thoracostomy / methods
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Anticoagulants
  • Factor Xa Inhibitors
  • Rivaroxaban
  • Dabigatran